BACK TO REFERENCES AND ABSTRACTS
Experimental Methods
1. Progress in Experimental Determination of Dynamic Mechanical Behaviors of Energetic Materials Based on Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar
SUO Tao, DENG Qiong, MIAO Ying-gang, YE Ting
School of Aeronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
Abstract: The progress in experimental determination of mechanical behavior of energetic materials(EMs) at high strain rate based on Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB) technique is reviewed. Due to the low Young's modulus, density and wave resistance of EMs, there are some difficulties, such as stress equilibrium and mismatch of wave resistance when SHPB is employed to measure the mechanical properties of EMs.It has been proved by many researchers that to achieve accurate and reliable experimental results, conventional SHPB is no longer applicable.New techniques such as pulse shaper, piezoelectricity crystals can be added to SHPB experiments to solve the problems of stress equilibrium and mismatch of wave resistance, etc. The SHPB technique can also been used to provide experimental results for establishment of material constitutive equation and research on failure pattern or damage evolution.In the end, several future topics are proposed with 44 references.
2. Study on the Spigot Tests of Polymer Bonded Explosives
SHEN Chun-ying, XIANG Yong, DAI Xiao-gan, LI Sen
Institute of Chemical Materials, CAEP, Mianyang Sichuan 621900, China
Abstract: Spigot test was used to assess the safety of large explosive charges subjected to combined mechanical impact and shearing and adiabatic heating. The test assembly was accelerated via a powder-driven gun design. The process of impact and ignition was analyzed by high-speed video system.Blast pressure gauges were used to measure the blast wave overpressure of explosive for characterizing the reaction extent of explosive assembly. The results show that no reaction takes place for TATB-based polymer bonded explosives(PBX-1) at velocity up to 37.6m/s, and HMX/TATB-based polymer bonded explosives (PBX-2) take place deflagration at a velocity of 27.7m/s, and no reaction at velocity less than 25.5m/s, showing that PBX-2 were more sensitive than PBX-1 in the spigot test.
3. Experimental Study on Aging of PBX under Low Tensile Stress
ZHOU Hong-ping, HE Qiang, LI Ming, WEN Mao-ping, LI Jing-ming
Institute of Chemical Materials, CAEP, Mianyang 621900, China
Abstract: In order to study aging of PBX under low tensile stress, a new device was designed which can conveniently be used to carry out long-term constant tensile loading. The reliability of device was proved by experiments. The long-term tensile loading experiments under different stress states of PBX based on HMX and TATB were done at normal temperature and 45℃. The effect of different stress level and different temperature environment on PBX was studied. The low stress tensile capacity of mould and isostatic pressing PBX were compared. The results show that this experiment can validly be used to study the tensile capacity of PBX, and aging life of PBX under some temperature and some stress states are obtained.
4. Application of Digital Filter in Closed Bomb Test
ZHAO Jun, LIAO Xin, WANG Ze-shan, MA Fang-sheng
Department of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
Abstract: In order to slake the noises from pressure signal obtained from closed bomb tests and express the combustion property of propellant more actually, a FIR lowpass filter combined with a least squares digital filter was used to treat the pressure signal obtained from the closed bomb test. The result shows that this digital filter can reduce the noises effectively, and the calculated u-p curves express the real combustion property of the propellant more precisely.Moreover, the lnu-lnp curves are smooth, and the pressure exponent of burning rate regressed from part of the curve is close to the real value of the propellant.
5. Application of Broadband CARS in Solid Propellant Combustion Field
HU Zhi-yun, LIU Jing-ru, ZHANG Zhen-rong, HUANG Mei-sheng, GUAN Xiao-wei, YE Xi-sheng
Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi'an 710024, China
Abstract: In order to measure the temperature and N2 concentration of the solid propellant flame, the broadband CARS system is constructed and permits instantaneous measurement at a 10 Hz rate. The results show that the uncertainty of CARS temperature measurements is less than 4%. The uncertainty of CARS concentration measurements is less than 5% in a lower concentration range. The single-pulse N2 CARS spectra have been obtained from solid propellant combustion field at atmospheric and 2 MPa pressure. The CARS data are analyzed by comparison with theoretical spectra, and the temperature and N2 concentration are presented as a function of distance above the solid propellant surface.
6. Electrostatic Detection of Modified Ammonium Nitrate Dust
XIA Wen-long, XIAO Guo, LIU Hou-ping, YANG Ning
Changsha Research Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, Changsha 410012, China
Abstract: In order to study electrostatic properties of modified ammonium nitrate dust(MAND), based on the continuous product line of modified ammonium nitrate explosive, the equipments for airflow transportation were simulated and the electrification of MAND in the airflow transportation process was detected.14 set of effective experimental data indicated that although the gas-solid concentration and the discharge voltage were slightly high, MAND were not reacted in the process of experiments, and some experimental phenomena, for instance smoking, did not occur. The results showed that the electrostatic spark sensitivity of the modified ammonium nitrate was E502073.6 mJ, the minimum electrostatic ignition energy was E0.01103.7 mJ, and the modified ammonium nitrate dust were safe to electric-discharge in the airflow transportation process.
7. Improvement of the Sample-making Method for the Propellant Tensile Tests
DU Ping, WANG Ze-shan, HE Wei-dong
School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
Abstract: In order to improve accuracy of propellant tensile test, a sample-making method was improved aiming at current roller-pressing flake methods to make tensile samples, and a mould-press method was presented. Through tensile performance test, interior micro-structure observation by SEM, real-density test, three sample-making methods, roller-pressing flake, mould-press and cutting, were studied contrastively. The differences of mechanical performances among roller-pressing flake, mould-press and real propellant were discussed. The results show that anti-tensile intensity of sample made by roller-pressing flake method is lower than real propellant, but mould-press method can be the same as reality.SEM research about interior micro-structure of sample shows that mould-press method can better reflect the reality of propellant than roller-pressing flake method.Real-density test further testifies it.It can be concluded that adopting mould-press method to improve sample-making method of propellant tensile test is more reasonable.
8. Burning Rate Measurement of Solid Propellant by Ultrasonic Technology
ZHANG Jin-min, YUAN Hua, ZHANG Jian, FENG Yong
Hubei Institute of Aerospace Chemotechnology, Xiangfan Hubei 441003, China
Abstract: By measuring the reflection time of ultrasonic echo in the propellant continuously, the location of the burning propellant surface can be identified. Thus, the burning rate of propellant can be acquired. The system is composed of burning room, ultrasonic probe, coupling layer, pressure sensor, ultrasonic emit and receive unit and data processing unit. The sample used in the test is low burning rate propellant.In the condition of pre-pressure, the test pressure increased from 3MPa up to 8MPa, the burning rate changed from 4.2mm/s to 6.4mm/s. The pressure index of different pressure section can be calculated with pressure-burning rate curve. The ultrasonic signal of the system is clear and the data are accurate and reliable. The test of propellant burning rate obtained by the ultrasonic method is first realized in China.
9. Analysis of Hot Response of WRe5/26 Thermocouple to Explosive Products
JI Jian-rong, SU Jian-jun, LI Zhi-rong, WANG Guo-qing
Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an 710065, China
Abstract: In order to investigate the hot destruction of explosive products, the temperature response test of TNT explosive products, including explosive experiments in free field response and the half-airtight space, is carried out by WRe5/26 thermocouple according to Seebeck effect and heat transfer theory principle. The relative temperature curves are obtained and the factor affecting the response of the thermocouple is analyzed. The results show that the WRe5/26 thermocouple can reflect the heat output of explosive products. There is a lag time between the thermocouple's response temperature and the explosive products temperature. The heat flux density is an important parameter to evaluate the hot destruction.
10. Study on Power Test Method of Industrial Explosives
WANG Zhao-zhong1, WANG Xu-guang1, XIA Bin2
1.Beijing General Research Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, Beijing 100044, China
2.Blasting Technology Research Institute, China Coal Research Institute, Huaibei Anhui 235039, China
Abstract: A simple and new power test method-ballistic projectile method has been established for power test of industrial explosives.Power determination of industrial explosives is done by the ballistic projectile method. The ballistic projectile results and that of lead block test are compared. The realiabitity and accuracy of the ballistic projectile method are studied. The experimental results show that large dosage, equipment repetitious use, wide applicability are advantages of the method. Apart from being used for the determination of the power of cap sensitive industrial explosives, the ballistic projectile also proved very suitable for non-cap sensitive ones, such as ammonium nitrate-fuel oil(ANFO), heavy ANFO, emulsion explosive matrix. The ballistic projectile method can also be applied to the research for aluminized industrial explosives. There is a good linear correlation between the ballistic projectile results and lead block test ones. This method is simple, rapid, exactly and reliable, and has been applied with satisfaction to the power determination of industrial explosives.
11. Adiabatic Characteristics Measurement of Adiabatic Explosive Heat Calorimeter
WANG Jian-ling, LI Zheng-lai, WANG Qing-zhi, XU Hong-tao
Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an 710065, China
Abstract: By testing the cooling constant of calorimetric system of an adiabatic calorimeter and determining the quantity of heat-exchange between the calorimetric system and its environment, an adiabatic capability of the adiabatic calorimeter is evaluated. The testing methods about cooling-constant and quantity of heat-exchange between the calorimetric system and its environment are introduced. The performance of different adiabatic calorimetric systems are compared by measuring the quantity of heat-exchange between the calorimetric system and its environment, finding out the testing factors affecting heat-exchange. Adjusting testing condition, choosing the most reasonable testing circumstance and reducing the quantity of heat-exchange between the calorimetrics system and its environment as much as possible can improve the measure precision of explosive heat.In addition, the rationality of the whole system can be judged according to the quantity of heat-exchange.
12. Test and Analysis of the Saturated Vapor Pressure of Dinitrogen Tetroxide Colloid
LI Jin-hua, SUN Zhao-yi
The Research Center For Liquid Propellant, CASC, Beijing 100074, China
Abstract: In order to determine the saturated vapor pressure of colloided dinitrogen tetroxide, and find out its change rule with the various temperature, a testing equipment of determining satuated vapor pressure of colloided dinitrogen tetroxide was designed and constructed according to the principle of static testing. The saturated vapor pressure of liquid and colloided dinitrogen tetroxide under the normal pressure at several temperatures was obtained. The results show that the saturated vapor pressure of colloided dinitrogen tetroxide was lower than that of liquid dinitrogen tetroxide.With increasing temperature of sample, the gap of the saturated vapor pressure of dinitrogen tetroxide from liquid to colloid increases. The influence of two gallants on the saturated vapor pressure of colloided dinitrogen tetroxide system was analyzed, and a theoretical formula of estimating the saturated vapor pressure of colloided dinitrogen tetroxide was derived. The estimated error of the formula is lower than 5 percent, so the saturated vapor pressure of colloided dinitrogen tetroxide on the various temperature condition could be estimated according to the theoretical formula.
13. Study on Laser Transmittances of Charge Plumes
YANG Li-bo, SUN Mei, LI Dong-lin
Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an 710065, China
Abstract: A plume laser detecting system for solid propellant charge was used to detect the laser transmittance of the laser guided missile charge.Influences of igniting powder, inhibitor and propellant on the laser transmittance of the propellant charge were analyzed.It was found that a small amount of black powder, used as amorce, can obviously affect the laser transmittance of the propellant charge exhaust. The propellant charge by applying cellulose acetate as inhibitor has lower laser transmittance. The laser transmittance of the propellant charge was increased by addition of the organic materials with high content of nitrogen and oxygen in the inhibitor polymers, containing abundant nitrogen and oxygen. The high efficient catalyst, low molecular mass plasticizer with high oxygen content, and without addition of metal fuels such as aluminium and magnesium in propellant have positive effects on increasing the laser transmittance of the propellant charge.
14. Sodium Light Testing Method on Organic Glass Impregnant Transference Phenomenon
LIU Chan-lao, LI Dang-juan, WU Shen-jiang, XU Chang-jie
School of Opto-electric Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an 710032, China
Abstract: A method of measuring the transference phenomenon of solvent in high polymers based on sodium light and Feisuo interference principle with digital image processing technology is proposed. The steps and method of the image processing are introduced in detail. The fringe distance after thinning is calculated by K-L transform. The results show that the measurement system with favorable interface, developed by the method could get the fringe distance precisely and quickly. Through measuring the fringe distance change in the polymer of acetone and ethanol and the change rule corresponding to fringe distance, the change rule of refractive index in the transference is obtained. The results show that the fringe distance with time is getting smaller and the change degree is also getting smaller. The transference speed of different materials in high polymers is different under the same condition.
15. Digitalization Test Technical Research on Dimension of Small Tubular Propellant Charge
TIAN Guang-feng~1, KANG Jian-cheng~2, XU Hui-xiang~3, SU Yan-ming~1
1.Military Office, Shanxi Jiangyang Chemical Plant, Taiyuan 030008, China
2.Military Office of PLA Stationed at Shanxi Region, Taiyuan 030008, China
3. Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an 71065, China
Abstract: The end image of tubular propellant charge was obtained by a flat scanner, and a high precision digital test to the dimension of small tubular propellant charge can be realized through a series of image technical transformation to photo obtained with computer. The exploitation process for noise elimination technology based on image noise area and self-adaptable image threshold separating technology was investigated in detail. A digital equipment for testing the dimension of small tubular propellant charge was made up. According to military standard of China, the dimension of three kinds of typical small tubular propellant charge were measured with this equipment in practice, indicating that the precision, speed and efficiency of measuring data all reached request designed.
16. Experimental Research on Forward-Box Degenerate Four-Wave Mixing Technology
GUAN Xiao-wei, LIU Jing-ru, HUANG Mei-sheng, HU Zhi-yun, ZHANG Li-rong, ZHANG Zhen-rong, ZHAO Xin-yan
Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi'an 710024, China
Abstract: The principle of degenerate four-wave mixing(DFWM) technique was introduced and a experimental system for the forward box degenerate four wave-mixing(FB-DFWM) was established. Using this setup, the DFWM spectra and concentration distribution of OH in a methane-air flame were measured. The relationships between the signal intensity and the parameters such as laser intensity and wavelength and other experimental conditions were studied. The methods on how to improve the signal to noise ratio and suppress the scattered light were investigated. The results of concentration distribution of OH measured by FB-DFWM and LIF techniques agree with each other, showing that the technique has good accuracy for measured results.
17. Dynamic Calibration of Sensitivity of Shock Wave Pressure Sensor
GUO Wei, YU Tong-chang, LI Zheng-lai, FENG Xiao-jun
Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an 710065, China
Abstract: In order to calibrate the sensitivity of pressure sensors termly, the dynamic calibration of all sorts of pressure sensors used to measure the dynamic pressure in the medium of gas and liquid is performed by a gas step pressure calibrator with the highest pressure of 7MPa and a hydraulic impulse calibrator with the highest pressure of 140MPa. According to the studies on the sensor characteristic, the matching between sensor and dynamic calibration device and the value trace to the source of pressure measurement, a good result is obtained. Comparing measurement result with the dynamic pressure sensitivity when leave factory, the relative error is not up to 0.6%.
18. Measurement of Detonation Wave Front of GI-920 by Quartz Fiber-optic Pins
WANG Rong-bo, TIAN Jian-hua, LI Ze-ren, WU Ting-lie, HE Li-hua
Institute of Fluid Physics, CAEP, Mianyang Sichuan 621900, China
Abstract: A fiber-optic pin diagnostic technique is developed for measuring shock arrival time by taking the shock-induced luminescence characteristic of fused quartz.When the detonation wave front reach the tip of the fiber pin, a intense optic pulse is produced. The visible pulse is transmitted via fiber to a photomultiplier optic-to-electrical converter then to oscillograph for recording. The shock arrival times can be gotten by read the signals that recorded in oscillograph. Arrays of 0.3mm quartz fiber-optic pins are used to diagnose detonation wave front of one-point detonated GI-920 explosive(blast pressure of which is 10GPa). The shock wave front in three different diameters are gotten successfully in the experiment. The three dimensional shock wave front is reconstructed by using the data obtained. The results indicate that the dispersivity of the shock arriving times and the obliquity of the shock wave front are obviously increased with increasing the radius of test. The rise time of signals obtained in experiment are less than 4ns, indicating that the fiber-optic pin is a high time resolution method of measuring the shock time parameter of explosive.
19. Experimental Investigation on Dynamic Response of Energetic Materials at High Strain Rate
LU Fang-yun, LIN Yu-liang, WANG Xiao-yan, WU Hui-min
Institute of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
Abstract: The dynamic response on constitutive behavior at high strain rate of three energetic materials, plastic bonded explosive composed of 97% HMX and 3% binder, compositon B and composite solid propellant CSP, are studied by using a split Hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB) technique. Their σ_E-ε_E curves are obtained. The results show that the friction between energetic material specimens and bars can seriously influence the experimental results.Enough lubricant layed on the ends of specimens and bars makes the friction decrease and reasonable experimental data obtain. All the tested energetic materials are sensitive to the strain rate during the SHPB tests.Meso-structures of retrieved specimens are investigated by SEM and the response mechanism of materials at high strain rate is analyzed, showing that the damage of specimens during the dynamic loading is depicted as cracking and separating from each other for two explosive grains and softening for the propellant.
20. Development of Reference Material for Verifying Calorimeter of Propellant Explosion Heat
ZHAO Hong-li, LI Qiang
Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an 710065, China
Abstract: A reference material for calibrating and verifying the calorimeter of propellant explosion heat is composed of nitrocellulose(NC), nitroglycerine(NG), centralite and vaseline. The reference material of propellant explosion heat is prepared by an optimized production process. The homogeneity of characteristic value of the reference material is tested by means of the variance analysis method and its stability has been examined for more than one year. The results obtained by the measurement and traceability of explosion heat value, uncertainty analysis of certified value, and test with different calorimeters of explosion heat in various department indicate that the reference material has good homogeneity and stability, and accurate and reliable characteristic value, and can meet the requirements of tranfering the certified value of explosion heat and calibrating and verifying the calorimeter of propellant explosion heat.
21. Impact Sensitivity Test System Based on Virtual Instrument
JIANG Jian, KONG De-ren, WANG Chang-ming, LI Yong-xin
School of Mechanics, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
Abstract: The traditional method of the impact sensitivity is manual and harmful to the operator. Aiming at these characteristics and the level of the development of automation and virtual instrument, a suit of advanced impact sensitivity test system is developed. The system can accomplish the impact sensitivity test and has many new functions. The automatic feeding part can feed 25 samples at one time. The stepping motor is used to fine height orientation. The pneumatic components are used to hold the hammer.Both explosive gas and noise are measured.In order to realize the judgement of the blast, the multi-sensor fusion is used. The accuracy reaches 100 percent. After every test, the report can be output subsequently. The system is reasonable, reliable and performable.
22. Interrupted-burning Approaches and Experimental Set-up Design for Plasma-ignited High Energy Propellants
YING San-jiu, XIAO Zheng-gang, XU Fu-ming
College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
Abstract: The experimental set-up consists of a plasma generator, a semi-closed vessel, a special bolt with a blowout disk and other accessories. The chamber volume and interrupted-burning pressure are variable. The plasma characteristic parameters such as energy output, peak current, charging voltage and pulse width can be adjusted within a certain range according to experimental requirements. The set-up is used to investigate the surface microphenomena and combustion reaction mechanisms of propellant after interrupted-burning under plasma ignition condition to understand the relationship between the plasma energy radiation and propellant adsorption and the energy transfer way and influence factors at plasma-proplellant interreaction.
23. The Test Method of Impact Sensitivity of Emulsion Explosives
MA Zhi-gang
Anhui University of Science & Technology, Huainan 232001, China
Abstract: A new test method for determining impact sensitivity of emulsion explosives is set up. The WL-1 model impact sensitivity instrument is used in present method. Quartz sand is added between impact columns and the characteristic height of drop hammer is determined. The sensitivity of emulsion explosives is shown by the characteristic height of drop hammer. It is shown that the test method is credible in science, easy to operate and able to distinguish the differences of impact sensitivity among different emulsion explosive compositions. The experimental results show that there are probably great differences of impact sensitivity of emulsion explosives from different types and different factories.
24. Impact Sensitivity Standard Device for Explosives and Propellants and Metrological Uncertainty Analysis
LIU Ping, XU Xining
Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an 710065, China
Abstract: The paper describes the characteristics and the test verification of impact sensitivity standard device for explosives and propellants, the analysis and verification of uncertainty for impact sensitivity metrological standard. The standard device can meet the measurement needs of explosives and propellants impact sensitivity measure in our Country.
25. The Influence of Experimental Conditions On (dp/dt)_(max) In Mini-closed Pressure Vessel Test
LIU Yu hai, LIU Shi lin
Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
Abstract: MCPVT is a new method developed in recent years to evaluate the violence of heating decomposition of self reactive substances. (d p /d t ) max is a physical parameter indicating the degree of violence of the concerned substance in heating decomposition. Based on many experiments, this thesis, applying regression line, deduces the mathematical relationship of X( vessel volume V?sample mass M?heating rate R)and (d p /d t ) max : (d p /d t ) max =(d p /d t ) max0 -{[(d p /d t ) max0 -b]/c}•(X-X 0) With the known (d p /d t ) max0 at X 0, (d p /d t ) max is easily calculated out at any X. The resulf of Comparing of the calculated value with that from experiments indicates the comparative reliability of the above formula. And thus, it lays a foundation for the final international adoption of the MCPVT method as a standard in evaluating the violence of self reactive substances in heating decomposition.
26. Synthetic Smashing Machine for the Sample of Many Model Number Explosives
LUAN Zhi Jie, LI Shu xing, WANG De yuan, LI Xiao yu
PLA 63981, Wuhan 430050, China
Abstract: The development of the synthetic smashing machine for the explosive sample of many model numbers. It changed the primitive way to handle, and increase the explosive sample the work efficiency that saashing The equipment smashing explosive sample satisfied the request of the test method.
27. Mensurement of Charge Burning Gas Generation Rate in the Firing Test
ZHOU Gang, YANG Guo qing, CUI Qi
Liaoning xiangdong Chemistry Factory, Lingyuan 122522, China
Abstract: In this paper, gas generating strength of propellant charge was studied on basis of retreating for bore pressure time curve, and physical firing law of propellant charge was analysised.
28. Regioselective Nitration of Chlorobenzene with Nitric Acid on SO_4~(2-) /ZrO_2 Catalysts
CHENG Guang bin, L U•• Chun xu, PENG Xin hua
Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
Abstract: The catalyst of SO 4 2- /ZrO 2 have been prepared and regioselectiveties of chlorobenzene minonitration on SO 4 2- /ZrO 2 catalyst were investigated. When the reaction temperatures was 30℃ for 30min, SO 4 2- /ZrO 2 by a calcination step for 3h at 500℃ enhanced the para selectivity of chlorobenzene nitration by using nitric acid as nitrating agent, up to an ortho para isomer ratio 0.23 in product distribution of chlorobenzene mononitration, and the yield of chlorobenzene mononitratio was 55.5%. The catalyst could be re utilized up to four times with a little decrease in activity.
29. Application of Fourier Transform Infrared Photoacoustic Spectroscopy in the Field of Explosives and Propellants
PAN Qing, WANG Yuan
Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an 710065, China
Abstract: In this paper, the fundamental principle, measurement condition, application of Fourier Transtorm Infrared Photoacoustic Spectroscopy (FTIR PAS) are discussed. This proves the FTIR PAS is a useful technique in the analysis and study of energetic materials.
30. Calculation on the Elastic Increment of Closed Bomb's Chamber Capacity and Correction on the Testing Results
HU Yu, WAN Xue-ren, XIAO Sheng-min
Modern Physics Research Institute, Nanjing 210028, China
Abstract: Using the technology of CAD, the elastic deformation of closed bomb for propella nt is calculated accurately in the test, the actual elastic increment of chamber capacity under pressure is gained. Through the research the testing error due t o the changing of cubage is corrected and the testing accuracy is improved.
31. ICT Nondestructive Testing for High Explosive Density
YANG Wen hai, HE De chang, XU Jun pei
Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
Abstract: The formula between material density and CT value is obtained by special method. Two kinds of high explosive, hexal and modified composition B, are detected by using ICT technique. The results obtained by using ICT are in accord with those by traditional method.
32. Research on Synchronized Function of CARS System
ZHAO Ming, LU Dian lin, YUAN Chao, LI Chun xi
Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an 710065, China
Abstract: The synthesized function generator developed by ourselves is used to control the laser fire and the data acquisition. By using the device, a single shot broad band CARS technique has been achieved. At the same time, the signal noise ratio has been improved in the multiple pulse signal acquisition.
33. Determination of the Deterrents in the Single base Oblate Spherical Powder by High performance Liquid Chromatography
XIONG Li bin, YING San jiu, LUO Fu sheng
Nanjing University of science and technology, Nanjing 210094, China
Abstract: A method for determining the content of deterrents in single base oblate spherical powder is developed. The contents of methyl centralite and dibutyl phthalate are determined by using an UV detector at the wavelength of 223nm.
34. Appcalition of the Photoelectric Triode to the Studies of DDT Behavior in Propellant
WANG Shi ying, ZHANG Tai hua, ZHU Zhi wu, LIU Pei de
Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an 710065, China
Abstract: It is very difficult to research the burning characteristic of high energy propellant in the DDT pipe applying the ionization probe.But the satisfactory results can be easily got using photoelectricity triode.
35. Application of CARS Technology on Detonation Temperature Measurement
YAN Jun, XU Geng guang
School of Mechanic and Electronic Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
Abstract: In this paper, the basic concept of CARS coherent anti stokes raman spectrum is discussed and introduced into the study of detonation processes. The feasibility study of applying CARS to detonation temperature measurement is demonstrated and the experimental scheme is designed.Furthermore, we try to calculate the theoretic spectrum of nitrogen.
36. The Composition Analysis the Detonation Products produced by TNT and JOB-9003
HU Ba yi, HAN Chang sheng, LIU Da min, WANG De sheng, WANG Peng lai
Institute of Fluid Physics, CAEP, Mianyang 621900, China
Abstract: The compositions of the detonation products producded by the explosion of the casting TNT and the plastic binding JOB 9003 in the sealed containment explosive vessels are analyzed by the gas colour spectrometer. The experimental results show that the detonation products consists mainly of the N 2, H 2, CO, CO 2, CH 4, C 2H 2, C 2H 4 and N xO y, and the amount of each composition vary with the experimental condition in the vessel. The analyzed results have provided a quantitative base for the clean up of the detonation products.
37. The Experimental Study of Lunching Safety of Modified Comp B Explosive Charge
ZHOU Pei yi, XU Geng guang, ZHANG Jing yun, WANG Ting zeng
Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
Abstract: In this paper, the effect of air gap and graphite layer on the launching safety of modified Comp B explosive charge is studied by a mini setback simulatro. The experimental results show that the thickness of air gap grossly affects the ignition threshold of the explosive charge and the graphite layer can decrease the hot spots in explosive charge and improve the launching safety of explosive charge.
38. Explosive Reaction Characteristics on Hydrocarbon and Fluorine Agent
XU Xue zhong, PEI Ming jing, LI Ming, XU Qian yong, WEI Hai ying
Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi'an 710024, China
Abstract: Explosive reaction characteristics on hydrocarbon and fluorine agent were investigated in a vertical tube. Detonation wave parameters were recorded by piezoelectric and infrared transducers, the maximum overpressure was about 2.85MPa and the temperature more than 2700K under the content of oxygen was more than 9 percent. Deflagration phenomena was only observed if the hydrocarbon was mixed with air. Simultaneously the reaction products were analyzed by using the FTIR and GC/MS sets.
39. An Experimental Study on the Bulk Modulus of Solid Properllant
GAO Ming, CAI Ti min
College of Astronantics, Northwestern Polytechnic University, Xian 710072, China
Abstract: The bulk relaxation modulus and bulk creep compliance of solid propellant at different temperatures are measured by a contactless measurement system, and the corresponding mathematical expressions of the master cure for bulk modulus are also given. The results are of practical significance to motor grains in structural integrity analysis.
40. Determination of Petrotoluene and its Impurity by Gas Chromatography
PU Zu lun, HE Zhong hua
Hong Guang Chemical Plant of Sichuan, Nanxi 644104, China
Abstract: This paper describes a method for the assay of petrotoluene content in it's technical product which contains 2 methyl cyclopantane、 n octane、 n hexane、benzene、ethylbtenzene、 o , m and p dimethylbenzene. The analysis was performed on a PEG 1500 silica capillary column. The method was proved to be simple、rapid、sensitive.
41. The Interferometric Method——A Novel Method to Study the Migration
Guan Dalin Gu Qijang
Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an 710065)
Abstract: A novel method is presented which is called interferometric method. The principle of the method is discribed and the error analysis is carried out as well. The method is available to investigate the migration.
42. Probe Method for Measuring the Thermal Conductivity of Microgranular Materials
Luo Wenyi
Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081)
Abstract: This paper introduces a new method for measuring the thermal conductivity of microgranular, powder materials with a probe. This method was proved to be accurate, easy and quick operation, and low cost. It has been used successfully to determine the thermal conductivity of hollow glassy microspheres with simple equipment.
43. Study of sealing Material of Propellant combustion gas
Yang Yan Cui Size
Xian Modern Chemistry Research Institute, 710065)
Abstract: When steel used as high temperature and high pressure gas sealing material, it is an invention. this technology combined with the relative technology can reach very good high pressure gas sealing which will Provide some guidings for high pressure study.
44. Approach on Phase Shift Characteristic of Microwave by Jet Flame of Rocket Motor
Li Shufen Cao Jinxiang
University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026)
Abstract: Phase variation was measured using microwave interference method. The electronic density in flow field was determined through this measurement of phase variation. The corrected apparatus measuring phase shift and the apparatus measuring phase noise were both presented.
45. The Microscopic Study of Adiabatic Shear Bands of Comp.B Explosive Column under Impact
Han Xiaoping Zhang Yuanchong Shen Yapeng
Northwestem Polytchnical university, Xi'an 710072)
Abstract: Microstructure of Comp.B Column deformed under impact was observed with optical microscope and sweep electronic microscope. The method of polishing and etching of explosive samples deformed was given. The original microstructure pattern of domestic Comp.B and microstructure pattern of specimens deformed were shown for the first time. The Comparison of microstructure of Comp.B column deformed at different strain rate and load was made. The results of observation indicate that under impact adiabatic shear bands were found in explosive column.
46. Evaluation of the Hazard of the Insensitive High Explosives under Mechanical Impact
Hu Qingxian Hua Cheng
Institute of Chemical Materials, CAEP, Chengdu 610003)
Abstract: The method evaluating the hazard of the insensitive high explosives under mechanic impact by the curves of the relationship between explosion noise and sample waight, as well as the experimental results, are introduced. The impact results are compared with the susan test results the bullet test , s and the skid test results.
47. Testing for the Chemical Stability of Liquid Propellants
Li Qiunian Zhao Zhendi
Xi'an Modern chemistry Research Institute, 710065)
Abstract: This paper is related to the elemental principle and testing method used to evaluate the chemical stability of liquid propellants, also describes the form of the established testing device and obtained results in detail.
48. A New Sensitivity Testing and Analysis Method
Xu Yigeng Wei Guanghui Liu Shanghe
Electrostatic Institute of Ordnance Engineering College, Shijiazhuang 050003)
Abstract: In the paper, a new sensitivity testing and analysis method named after Neyer is introduced. It utilizes Maximum Likelihood Estimates to pick the next test level. It uses likelihood Ratio Test to compute regions of arbitrary confidence. Based on the Cramer Rao theorem, it can analyze results of all sensitivity tests.
49. A Study on Using Transducer to Measure the Detonation Pressure
Yi Fang Wang Guibing
PLA unit 87316, Nanjing 210028)
Abstract: This paper presents the measurement of detontion pressure of desensitising explosive using the transducer of Manganese and Copper. There sults show that the measurement is affected by the installation of the transducer in the site and the operation of the memory oscilloscope, but the influence is very little.
50. The Dynamic Compressive Properties of PTFE/Al Reactive Materials
ZHAO Peng-duo, LU Fang-yun, LI Jun-ling, CHEN Rong, XU Song-lin and YANG Shi-qing, Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials, 2009, 17(4):459~462
Abstract: The dynamic compressive and reactive properties of two kinds of PTFE/Al reactive materials were studied by the split Hopkinson pressure bars (SHPB). The effects of Al content on yield stress, fragmented and reactive properties of PTFE/Al reactive materials were analyzed. Results show that PTFE/Al is sensitive to the strain rate. In the strain rate range of 1000-8000 s-1, the yield stress of PA265 is 32-44 MPa and the yield stress of PA35 is 40-55 MPa; the yield stress increases with Al content; the fragmented stress is 143-153 MPa in the strain rate range of 3100-5800 s-1 for the PTFE/Al reactive materials; the critical reactive stresses of PA265 and PA35 are 157 MPa and 163 MPa; partial reaction phenomena appear frequently due to lacking of enough oxidant polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE), if Al content is higher than 35%.
